{"id":653,"date":"2017-09-22T10:19:16","date_gmt":"2017-09-22T09:19:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/?p=653"},"modified":"2022-12-17T21:43:39","modified_gmt":"2022-12-17T21:43:39","slug":"cutting-the-costs-of-open-access-research","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/cutting-the-costs-of-open-access-research\/","title":{"rendered":"Cutting The Costs Of Open Access Research"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Is it feasible to run a high quality open access journal with operating costs of just $6 USD (\u00a34.50 GBP) per paper?<\/p>\n<p>Other open access journals often charge upwards of $500 USD to get a paper reviewed and published, but $6 USD per paper is the model that has been proposed by <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/kyleniemeyer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Kyle Niemeyer<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>$6 USD Per Paper?<\/h2>\n<p>I came across an interesting presentation from Kyle <a href=\"https:\/\/figshare.com\/articles\/Introducing_JOSS_The_Journal_of_Open_Source_Software\/5208151\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">given at SciPy 2017<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/arxiv.org\/abs\/1707.02264\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">also documented in a more traditional paper<\/a> where he discussed the design and development of the <a href=\"http:\/\/joss.theoj.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Journal of Open Source Software (JOSS)<\/a>. This particular journal is used to archive software packages and largely exists within the $6 USD per paper cost range, although there&#8217;s no reason that a similar technique wouldn&#8217;t work for more traditional papers.<\/p>\n<p>Kyle calculates the $6 USD per paper figure, which depends on the journal publishing 100 articles per year, as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Crossref membership (needed for DOIs and journal indexing) = $275 USD per year + $1 USD per paper = $375 per year<\/li>\n<li>Web hosting using Heroku = $19 USD per month = $228 per year<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Total<\/strong> = $603 USD per year<\/p>\n<p>(or <strong>$6.03 USD<\/strong> per paper)<\/p>\n<p>The system looks to largely be dependent on GitHub.<\/p>\n<p>As expected, many attendees at the open source conference where JOSS was discussed expressed positive views of the idea:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/choldgraf\/status\/885585525024993281\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-654 size-full\" src=\"http:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/JOSSBusinessModel.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"581\" height=\"498\" srcset=\"https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/JOSSBusinessModel.jpg 581w, https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/JOSSBusinessModel-300x257.jpg 300w, https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/JOSSBusinessModel-170x146.jpg 170w, https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/09\/JOSSBusinessModel-284x243.jpg 284w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 581px) 100vw, 581px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Subsequent discussion has however noted that there are some sacrifices needed to get the $6 USD per paper cost.<\/p>\n<p>For instance, this requires heavily on volunteer labour, including from those people developing the software to &#8220;run&#8221; the journal in the first place. A lot of free work is put in by reviewers and editors, although that&#8217;s true of many open source journals. There may also be issues with creating redundancy in the system, which is something that&#8217;s important for the long-term archiving of academic papers.<\/p>\n<p>At present, charges aren&#8217;t made directly to authors. The journal is relying on funding that has been put into it to cover the running costs. For this to be more sustainable in the longer-term, consideration to funding would need to be made, including all of the legal entity issues that come with handling money and the needs to guarantee service.<\/p>\n<h2>Alternative Approaches<\/h2>\n<p>There may also be ways to cut the costs still further. Martin Paul Eve suggests that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.martineve.com\/2012\/07\/10\/starting-an-open-access-journal-a-step-by-step-guide-part-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CrossRef membership with 50 DOIs included could be possible for \u20ac75 per year<\/a> (\u00a366 GBP, $90 USD). He also recommends the use of the CLOCKSS archival service at $200 USD per year, which may solve the issue of needing reliable long-term service and archiving. He also suggests the use of <a href=\"https:\/\/pkp.sfu.ca\/ojs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Open Journal Systems<\/a>, which could remove some of the technical complexity.<\/p>\n<p>One idea that I&#8217;d like to see explored further would be more use of peer-to-peer hosting to archive academic papers. (Legal) torrent style services could be used which would also introduce some further redundancy into the system.<\/p>\n<p>There could well be an interesting student project looking at putting these different approaches together in a way that is both cost-effective and allows for a new open access journal to be set up with the minimum possible technical complexity.<\/p>\n<p>Taking all of these issues into account, it would be challenging for a journal to maintain a $6 USD publication point. But <strong>it should be possible to substantially cut the costs of open access publishing<\/strong> from the figures that researchers are charged by many journals today.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Is it feasible to run a high quality open access journal with operating costs of just $6 USD (\u00a34.50 GBP) per paper?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[45],"tags":[386,385,387,47,7,388],"class_list":["post-653","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-research","tag-journals","tag-open-access","tag-open-source","tag-papers","tag-research","tag-web-hosting"],"uagb_featured_image_src":{"full":false,"thumbnail":false,"medium":false,"medium_large":false,"large":false,"1536x1536":false,"2048x2048":false},"uagb_author_info":{"display_name":"Thomas Lancaster","author_link":"https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/author\/thomas-lancaster\/"},"uagb_comment_info":0,"uagb_excerpt":"Is it feasible to run a high quality open access journal with operating costs of just $6 USD (\u00a34.50 GBP) per paper?","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/653","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=653"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/653\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1322,"href":"https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/653\/revisions\/1322"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=653"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=653"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/thomaslancaster.co.uk\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=653"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}